Library
D1.1 “User and stakeholder requirements for automated transport in logistics” To avoid demonstrating automated freight vehicle operations that nobody wants, MODI use cases must account for the needs of diverse stakeholders in logistics ecosystems. D1.1 documents these needs and identifies barriers and possibilities different actors see for using highly automated freight vehicles in logistics. It starts by reviewing work on relevant user requirements by EU projects to date. It then justifies a “traceable” approach to requirements elicitation based on in-depth interviews with three main stakeholder groups: logistics actors, technology developers and road owners/authorities. The iterative identification of 48 requirements is laid out, based on the analysis of 60 in-depth interviews with over 100 stakeholder representatives. Requirements comprise 21 logistics actor requirements, 16 road owner/authority requirements and 11 technology developer requirements. Each requirement is explained in detail, and the results are considered alongside requirements identified from the most closely related previous projects. Steps needed to bridge from requirements identified to the specification of solutions for MODI are considered.
D1.2 – SENSITIVE – “Safety and Security Requirements” defines the general external traffic safety and cybersecurity requirements relevant to the MODI use cases and the automated freight vehicles to be deployed in the project. It also examines public acceptance of automated truck operations and considers emerging crime risks associated with driverless freight vehicles. The deliverable provides background for the more specific requirements developed later in the project, particularly in D3.2, and offers guidance on implementing the use cases in WP5. It highlights that safe deployment depends not only on vehicle behaviour in traffic but also on robust end-to-end cybersecurity across the vehicle’s communication and operational environments. In addition, the report underlines the importance of risk analysis, safety oversight, public trust, and transparent communication during demonstrations. It also stresses the need to reassess security measures for automated freight operations, including secure parking, surveillance, and contingency planning. Overall, D1.2 establishes the safety and security foundation for MODI’s technical and operational activities.
D1.3 “Report on border processes” looks at regulatory changes, standardization and adaptations to the digital and physical infrastructure and requirements for higher communication and positioning networks that will be needed for efficient transfer of highly automated freight vehicles through custom inspections and crossings. The Deliverable explains critical terminology and basic technologies that are key to understanding the automation of border processes. From there it goes on to illustrate current processes using the more challenging EU/non-EU border between Sweden and Norway as case. The same case is then used to illustrate potential future processes, objects, and installments, as well as look at the critical role of standardized interfaces. Findings include that highly precise positioning and the correct reference frames will be key to ease the passage of automated vehicles through a border of any kind. Any variation in systems between countries or confined private and public areas will also be an obstacle to the roll-out of highly automated trucks in international logistics.
D2.1 – SENSITIVE – “Report on UC details” provides a structured overview of the five MODI use cases and their 14 sub-use cases as defined at Month 12 (September 2023) of the project. The deliverable documents the status, scope, and main objectives of the planned demonstrations across the project. Each sub-use case is described using a standard template that covers the demonstration concept, partner roles, involved technologies and physical assets, expected learnings, potential impacts, target users, relevant constraints related to physical and digital infrastructure and operational conditions, and the planned timeline. This approach ensures that the deliverable provides a consistent foundation for understanding the operational contexts and expectations of the MODI demonstrations. The report is based on discussions with use-case partners, dedicated mini-workshops, and documentation produced across the five co-creation arenas. Overall, D2.1 provides the common reference point for the detailed planning and implementation of the MODI use cases in subsequent project activities.
D2.2 “Common evaluation framework for MODI – Demonstrators” provides an overview of the methodologies selected for evaluating the MODI project, focusing on the five Use Cases (UCs) to be tested. The plan for the evaluation methodology presented in this deliverable is based on the FESTA methodology, which is slightly modified when applied to the project. Additionally, the methodology has been supported by social science and humanities perspectives (SSH) and a framework for measurement validity. Including these two approaches enhances the FESTA methodology to appropriately adapt its approach to the aims of the MODI project. The deliverable has also followed the general guidelines provided by the first draft version of the EU-CEM.
The different evaluation methods presented are to be applied to the analysis of the four impact areas (environment, safety, operational activities (including traffic) and socio-economic impact) and the gap analyses (technological and societal readiness). A list of Research Questions and suggested Key Performance Indicators has been defined and allows the specification of the data needed to be collected by each UC to answer the research questions and achieve the project objectives. In addition, other essential aspects for the conduction of the UCs have also been defined (i.e., experimental environments and evaluation tools). Most of the different stages of the project demand careful attention to ethical and legal issues that may arise, and as such, the document provides a general overview of these aspects as guidelines for the project partners.
D2.3 “Report on database collection and sharing” presents the design and implementation of the MODI data sharing platform developed במסגרת Task T2.3 of WP2. The platform has been established to support the collection, management, and sharing of data and metadata generated by the MODI Use Cases, with particular relevance for the activities of T2.5 on impact analyses and T2.6 on gap analyses.
Building on the methodology and common data formats defined in D2.2, and aligned with collaboration with the FAME2 project, this deliverable describes how these foundations have been translated into a practical cloud-based solution. The report outlines the architecture of the MODI data sharing platform, developed using standard cloud-based technologies in order to support accessibility and Open Access.
The deliverable further explains the creation of a consolidated project database, a public database, and the associated data flow for internal and external data sharing. It describes how the platform can be used by data providers and analysts, how metadata are made available through public databases, and how open data can be shared externally, including through Zenodo.
In addition to documenting the technical solution, D2.3 also serves as a practical reference for consortium members, in particular those involved in WP5, T2.5, and T2.6, by providing guidance on the use of the platform. The platform has already been tested by several project partners, and dedicated demonstrations and information sessions have been organised to support its adoption across the consortium.
D3.1 – SENSITIVE – “Report on connectivity requirements” identifies the connectivity needs of Connected, Cooperative and Automated Mobility (CCAM) vehicles within the logistics operations addressed by the MODI project. As connectivity is a key enabler for highly automated freight transport, this deliverable provides the basis for defining the requirements needed to support the MODI demonstrations and to guide the adaptation of CCAM vehicles in Task T3.4, together with the related security requirements in D1.2 and the vehicle safety and automation requirements in D3.2.
Building on the MODI use cases, the deliverable examines a range of connectivity technologies relevant to automated logistics, including C-ITS, mobile networks, DSRC tags, camera-based recognition solutions, and energy-related technologies for electric vehicles. These are considered in terms of their technical characteristics, maturity, and potential contributions to logistics operations involving automated vehicles. The report structures the analysis around a set of general conditions and operational scenarios relevant to the MODI context, including network transitions, remote intervention, border crossing, customs, public road driving, motorway-to-city transitions, terminal operations, gate access, loading and unloading, and charging. For each scenario, the deliverable identifies the specific connectivity needs and formulates corresponding functional requirements, without prescribing particular technologies or implementation solutions. The findings underline that connectivity requirements are strongly shaped by the operational context, including the intended use of connectivity, the actors involved, and the characteristics of the operational environment. In this respect, the deliverable highlights the importance of ensuring reliability, security, redundancy, resilience, and privacy in connectivity services. Overall, D3.1 provides a structured foundation for developing seamless and secure connectivity solutions for automated logistics and supports the broader MODI objective of enabling safer, more efficient, and more intelligent freight transport systems.
D3.2 – SENSITIVE – “Report on automation requirements”, defines the functional requirements necessary to support the safe and effective introduction of highly automated freight vehicles in the logistics operations addressed by the MODI project. In support of MODI’s objective to accelerate the deployment of automated transport solutions, the deliverable identifies the key automation-related requirements that must be fulfilled for the planned demonstrations and future logistics applications. The report addresses four main areas of requirements. First, it considers safety requirements for operations on both public roads and in confined environments such as ports and terminals. Second, it defines operational automation requirements, including those related to docking for loading and unloading and to the handover of responsibility between different traffic management and governance areas. Third, it covers operational integration requirements, focusing on the interaction of automated vehicles with surrounding systems, including traffic management centres, authorities, fleet and logistics management systems, the coordinated CCAM management layer, and charging infrastructure. Finally, it identifies vehicle subsystem requirements, including the harmonised use of positioning, timing, and map data, as well as functions for automated loading, unloading, and charging.
The deliverable formulates these requirements at a functional level and does not prescribe specific technologies or implementation solutions, which are to be addressed later in Task 3.4 on vehicle adaptation. Read together with D3.1 on connectivity requirements, D3.2 provides a structured basis for developing and integrating automated freight vehicles into the MODI use cases.
D3.3 – SENSITIVE – “Report on User/Driver-Vehicle Interface”
defines the functional requirements and design guidelines for the Human-Machine Interface (HMI) needed to support highly automated freight vehicles in the MODI project. The deliverable focuses on the information and interaction needs of human operators in remote-operation settings and in dual-mode vehicles with onboard safety drivers, recognising that these roles are likely to remain important in the short to medium term.
The requirements were identified through interviews with actors in the transport chain, site visits, and a review of relevant human factors knowledge and informal regulatory guidance. They are presented at a functional level and cover remote management, remote assistance, remote driving, remote operating centres, external vehicle HMI, in-vehicle HMI for dual mode vehicles, and interfaces linked to the coordinated CCAM service. The deliverable highlights the need for HMI solutions that support vehicle monitoring, route and mission management, alarms and notifications, situational awareness through appropriate information sources, communication with external actors, and, where necessary, safe remote driving. For dual-mode vehicles, the report also underlines the importance of clear in-vehicle warnings and takeover support for safety drivers, as well as external HMI to communicate vehicle status to the surrounding environment.
In addition, D3.3 consolidates human factors knowledge into practical guidelines for HMI design and development and outlines possible evaluation approaches for different development stages. Input from permitting authorities is also included, providing relevant considerations for future trials. Overall, the deliverable establishes a structured basis for specifying user-centred HMI solutions in Task 3.4.
D3.4 – SENSITIVE – “Report on Vehicle adaption” presents the intermediate status of the vehicle adaptation work carried out to prepare the MODI demonstrations. The deliverable builds on the requirements defined in D1.2, D1.3, D3.1, D3.2 and D3.3, together with the Use Case descriptions provided in D2.1, and translates these into vehicle-specific adaptation needs for the three vehicle providers involved in the project. The report explains how each provider has assessed the functional requirements against its own technical solution and demonstration scope to identify those requirements relevant to implementation. This process has shown that meeting the full set of potentially applicable requirements would go beyond what is feasible given the current state of industrial development and the project’s timeframe. Since the objective is to obtain test permits for specific demonstrations rather than full type-approval, some requirements have been considered inapplicable to particular Use Cases, while in other cases the complexity of the demonstrations has been reduced accordingly.
As an initial validation of the requirements process, the deliverable also reports on a first loop of testing selected functions, providing initial verification of the consistency among requirements, vehicle adaptations, and demonstration needs. In addition, it outlines the detailed planning for the continued development and adaptation of the vehicle functions to be tested in Task 3.5.
The report reflects the project status at M24 (September 2024) and therefore represents an intermediate stage in the adaptation process. Further findings, including possible changes in demonstration conditions or technical solutions, will be addressed later in D3.6.
D3.5 – SENSITIVE – “Report on design and test results of the (low-level) path planner” presents the development and initial validation of a trajectory planning method for articulated commercial vehicles, specifically tractor-semitrailers, based on Model Predictive Contouring Control (MPCC). The deliverable addresses the particular challenges associated with these vehicles, including their size, the differing paths of tractor and semitrailer, and the complexity of reverse manoeuvres. To address these constraints, the proposed method extends conventional MPCC by introducing scenario-dependent weighting of vehicle anchor points and incorporating explicit road-boundary constraints for the tractor and semitrailer axles. This enables the planner to better support manoeuvres relevant to logistics operations, such as docking and charging, while ensuring that the full vehicle remains within the drivable area.
The deliverable reports simulation results demonstrating successful navigation of a representative logistics scenario in both forward and reverse driving. It also analyses the influence of optimisation weights on the resulting trajectories, providing insight into how vehicle behaviour can be adjusted for different operational needs. In addition, the first experimental results from the prototype vehicle confirm the method’s applicability to real-world driving scenarios. Overall, D3.5 provides an important step towards robust low-level path planning for automated freight vehicles, while also identifying the need for further validation and integration of obstacle information in future work.
D4.1 – SENSITIVE -“Validated interface for Coordinated CCAM” defines and validates the interface concept needed to support coordinated automated freight operations in the MODI project. The deliverable addresses the interaction between CCAM vehicles and the surrounding digital infrastructure on public roads and in confined logistics areas, enabling interoperable, safe, and efficient mission execution across different use cases.
The report develops a common interface concept based on MODI requirements, use case analysis, system architecture design, and relevant existing standards. It identifies six main interface parts, covering connected and cooperative ITS communication, coordination between vehicle and central systems, remote operator communication, remote driving, OEM back-office functions, and other dedicated support services.
Validation shows that the proposed interface is consistent with the needs of the MODI use cases and provides a basis for interoperability across vehicle types and operational environments. While much of the interface builds on existing standards, further standardisation is needed for the coordination and remote driving interfaces. The developed concept will be implemented and further validated in subsequent MODI tasks and demonstrations.
D4.2 “Optimal Designs of Physical and Digital Infrastructures at Public Roads” evaluates the infrastructure requirements for implementing SAE Level 4 automated freight transport along the MODI corridor, connecting the Netherlands to Norway. This evaluation draws on prior studies, stakeholder input, and MODI research, including data collection and Use Cases.
D4.3 “Optimal designs of physical and digital infrastructures at confined areas” aims to give the outlines of the necessary adjustments of confined areas to handle autonomous vehicles/trucks, both from a physical and a digital perspective. The content of this deliverable has been made in close collaboration with the creators of D4.2 which has the scope of physical and digital designs for public roads.
The deliverable describes a scalable, vendor independent design based upon omong other facets: requirements from road authorities, vehicle OEMs and confined area owners, road geometry guidelines, connectivity requirements and guidelines and ogistical processes and derived principles.
D4.4 “Collaborative CCAM Fleet- and Traffic Management” report explores how Traffic Management 2.0 can be extended to support the deployment of CCAM L4 freight vehicles by identifying key stakeholder roles such as Traffic Orchestrators, Transport Managers, and Confined Area Managers, and outlining 13 potential benefits, many achievable through logistics digitalisation even before full automation. It presents four practical use cases to illustrate these benefits and proposes a functional and technical architecture for implementing collaborative schemes. While benefits are mutual, challenges remain, such as limited public-sector interest in incoming logistics data. Recommendations include further research into strategic data-sharing practices, alignment with legislative frameworks, and the adoption of shared data standards like DATEX II to support scalable, EU-wide collaboration.
D4.5 – SENSITIVE -“Report of the Methodology of Logistics Optimisation using CCAM” presents the Logistics Centred Design approach for CCAM, a methodology developed to support the integration of Connected, Cooperative and Automated Mobility solutions into logistics operations. The deliverable addresses the need for approaches that address not only technological aspects but also organisational, operational, and human factors relevant to CCAM adoption.
The methodology offers a structured and iterative framework for analyzing the requirements of CCAM implementation and for evaluating the potential impacts of different future deployment scenarios before practical application. It was developed through interviews, focus groups, and a literature review, and its usefulness is demonstrated through the Dutch MODI use case and two external use cases. The approach is structured around three iterative phases: definition, implementation, and validation and improvement. It supports designing future CCAM-enabled logistics operations, allows for an ex-ante assessment of impacts such as costs, and helps explore what-if scenarios to assist stakeholder decision-making. Overall, the deliverable provides an initial methodological foundation for broader CCAM deployment in logistics.
D5.2 “Demonstration of CCAM systems and services in transition from the motorway to confined area through an urban area” presents an overview of the demonstration activities carried out within the project use-case, describing the objectives, scope, implementation approach, and main outcomes. It identifies the different sub-use-cases addressed and describes, for each of them, the activities performed, the challenges encountered, and the solutions demonstrated. The document also outlines the vehicles, equipment, physical infrastructure, and digital systems used, including any relevant operational, technical, or organisational elements required to support the demonstrations. In addition, the deliverable describes the involvement and roles of the participating partners, highlighting their contributions to planning, implementation, operation, data collection, communication, and evaluation. It also presents the limitations and constraints identified during the demonstrations, records how the activities were documented through pictures, videos, media coverage, and other supporting materials, and summarises the key findings and learnings. Overall, the document provides a consolidated record of the demonstration activities and their contribution to the project objectives
D5.3 “Demonstration of CCAM systems and services of goods transport in hub-to-hub”presents the demonstration activities carried out in Use Case Sweden (UC Sweden). It provides an overview of the different sub-use cases, outlining their specific challenges, the solutions demonstrated, and the roles and contributions of the partners involved.
The deliverable describes each sub-use case individually and includes the main elements required for the demonstrations, such as the vehicles, equipment, and the physical and digital infrastructure employed. It also addresses the main limitations and constraints that had to be considered in the planning and execution of the demonstration activities. In addition, the document reports how the demonstrations have been documented through pictures, videos, media coverage, and relevant links. Due to the sensitive nature of some of the underlying material, the deliverable does not include a reference section and is therefore not publicly available.
To complement the description of the demonstrations, background information on the relevance of the sub-use cases and the lessons learned, as presented at the MODI UC Sweden final event, has been included in an appendix. Publicly available films from the demonstrations are also referenced throughout the document, both in the general overview of the use case and in the sections dedicated to the individual sub-use cases.
D5.4 “Demonstration of CCAM systems and services of goods transport on motorways and border crossing”presents the demonstration activities carried out in Use Case Norway. It provides an overview of the different sub-use cases, outlining their specific challenges, the solutions demonstrated, and the roles and contributions of the partners involved.
The deliverable describes each sub-use case individually and includes the main elements required for the demonstrations, such as the vehicles, equipment, and the physical and digital infrastructure employed. It also addresses the main limitations and constraints that needed to be considered in the planning and implementation of the demonstration activities. In addition, the document reports how the demonstrations have been documented, including through pictures, videos, media coverage, and related links. Overall, the deliverable provides a structured account of the demonstration activities performed in Use Case Norway and the operational context in which they were carried out.
D5.5 “Assessment of CCAM-implementation along MODI corridor” assesses the readiness of the Rotterdam–Oslo corridor for Level 4 (L4) automated freight operations within the MODI project. Drawing on field measurements and desk-based analyses, the deliverable examines the extent to which corridor conditions, infrastructure, and digital services can support L4 operations, and identifies the main constraints that may affect their reliable deployment. The analysis shows that the corridor may be suitable for L4 demonstrations under clearly defined segment-based Operational Design Domains (ODDs) and with sufficient redundancy in key enabling systems, including perception, positioning, HD maps, and digital traffic information. At the same time, the report highlights that several of these capabilities are not yet consistently available across all segments and conditions, and therefore require further development, harmonisation, and validation. On this basis, the deliverable formulates recommendations to support future deployment, including improved digitalisation of traffic management information, harmonisation of data and positioning services, section-based ODD engineering, and closer collaboration between vehicle manufacturers, technology providers, and road authorities. It also addresses business and regulatory readiness, emphasising the need for coordinated investment, adequate charging and connectivity infrastructure, and alignment across European and national frameworks.
Overall, D5.5 concludes that no single information layer is currently sufficient to ensure reliable L4 operation across the entire corridor. Nevertheless, targeted infrastructure and digital improvements, combined with carefully defined operating conditions, could provide a viable pathway towards safer, more efficient, and scalable automated freight operations. The findings contribute to the wider MODI work on recommendations, impact assessment, and gap analysis.
D6.1 “Stakeholder Group Setup and Engagement Plan” establishes the MODI Stakeholder Board Group (SBG), a team of external experts from various sectors who guide and advise the project on implementing solutions. Initially, around 25 stakeholders from government, industry, and academia joined, and more will be added as the project evolves. The SBG will provide input through workshops, feedback sessions, and other communications throughout the project. This deliverable explains the initial setup of the stakeholder group and the principles for adding new members, their involvement in MODI activities, and engaging with the SBG.
D6.2 “Communication and Dissemination (C&D) Strategy” outlines the foundational plan for effectively communicating and disseminating the MODI project’s goals, findings, and outputs. It provides a structured strategy detailing objectives, channels, and timelines to ensure timely information sharing with target users and the broader public. This deliverable also emphasises the development of printed and electronic materials and collaboration with relevant European Commission (EC) and R&D projects to enhance the impact of CCAM (Connected, Cooperative, and Automated Mobility) initiatives across the EU.
Serving as a guide for the MODI consortium, the strategy is designed to adapt throughout the project’s lifecycle, with updates in subsequent deliverables (D6.3 and D6.5). The document ensures consistent and impactful communication among MODI partners, stakeholders, and the public, supporting transparency and engagement. It also acts as a reference tool for new project members, providing a comprehensive Communication and Dissemination framework overview.
D6.3 “Updated Communication and Dissemination (C&D) Strategy” builds upon the foundation established in D6.2, providing a refined and expanded roadmap for the MODI project’s dissemination and communication efforts. This updated strategy reflects the evolution of the C&D plan during the project’s first 18 months, incorporating insights, adjustments, and comprehensive records of activities conducted during this period. The deliverable outlines updates to the original plan, detailing achieved key performance indicators (KPIs), planned future actions, and MODI’s participation in over 50 external events, clustering with CCAM-related projects, and engaging with broader audiences through media outreach.
Key highlights include the organization of four internal events, including a workshop in April 2024, the publication of three newsletters, and media efforts that reached an estimated audience of over two billion people, notably via a CNN International interview. Additionally, MODI has submitted four scientific papers, reinforcing its position within the research and innovation community. This updated strategy ensures all consortium members and stakeholders remain aligned with the project’s communication objectives and provides a living reference document for current and new members alike.
D6.4 – SENSITIVE – “Exploitation Strategy and Plans” outlines the interim exploitation approach of the MODI project and explains how project results are expected to create impact beyond the project’s lifetime. Supporting MODI’s goal to speed up the deployment of highly automated freight vehicles in logistics, the deliverable updates the individual exploitation plans of the project partners and establishes a joint exploitation strategy. The report describes the expected MODI results, initial exploitation routes, and the methodology used to manage intellectual property and to gather and consolidate partners’ exploitation plans. Based on this, it identifies two primary exploitation pathways. The first pathway involves the direct use of MODI results by project partners, mainly by further developing and bringing to market technologies and services across the Connected, Coordinated, Automated Logistics value chain. The second pathway emphasizes the broader use of knowledge generated from the MODI demonstrations, including lessons learned on technological, economic, societal, and legal aspects, to benefit the wider CCAL ecosystem. Overall, D6.4 offers an updated framework for partner-specific and joint exploitation activities, while confirming consistency with the initial plans outlined in the project proposal. Further updates to the individual plans and joint strategy are expected later in the project and will be included in D6.6.
D6.7 – SENSITIVE – “Updated exploitation strategy and plans” outlines the revised exploitation approach of the MODI project and further develops the framework established in D6.4. To support MODI’s goal of accelerating the deployment of highly automated freight vehicles in logistics, the deliverable updates the individual exploitation plans of the consortium partners and refines the joint exploitation strategy based on project progress. A key addition in this deliverable is the structured mapping of 22 identified innovations to nine Key Exploitable Results (KERs), thereby linking stakeholder needs, prioritised functionalities, and exploitation opportunities to the project’s intellectual property and innovation management approach. This provides a clearer basis for assigning responsibilities and translating project results into concrete exploitation actions.
As in D6.4, the report identifies two complementary exploitation pathways. The first concerns the direct exploitation of MODI results by project partners through the further development and market uptake of technologies and services across the Cooperative, Connected, Automated Logistics value chain. The second concerns the joint exploitation of knowledge generated through the MODI use cases, including technological, economic, societal, and legal insights, for the benefit of the wider CCAL ecosystem. Overall, D6.7 updates and strengthens the MODI exploitation framework, while integrating innovation management activities and the work of the MODI CCAM Logistics Task Force.
D7.2 – SENSITIVE – “Data Management Plan” sets out how research data generated in the MODI project will be managed during the project implementation and after its completion. It provides an overview of the types of data to be collected, the methods of collection, and the purposes for which the data will be used, including baseline establishment, requirement identification, performance and safety evaluation, validation of usability and business or societal value, and risk and safety acceptance assessment. The deliverable also explains how the project will apply the FAIR data principles by ensuring that data are findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable. In this context, it describes the storage and management arrangements for different categories of data, including non-sensitive data, sensitive data, software code, and metadata, and is supported by a common metadata-sharing platform across the project.
To promote openness and long-term accessibility, the deliverable also outlines MODI’s intention to make relevant data openly available through appropriate platforms, including participation in OpenAIRE for Open Research Data.
